Stock Market Crash History India: Ek Nazar Bhutkal Ke Bade Market Giraavaton Par

 

Stock Market Crash History India: Ek Nazar Bhutkal Ke Bade Market Giraavaton Par

Introduction

Stock market ek aisa investment platform hai jisme highs aur lows dono hote hain. Lekin jab market bahut tezi se girta hai, to ise stock market crash kaha jata hai. India mein bhi kai baar aise bade crashes aaye hain jisme lakhon investors ka paisa doob gaya. Aaj hum India ke sabse bade stock market crashes ki history dekhenge, unke reasons samjhenge aur ye bhi jaanenge ki investors aise situations mein kya kar sakte hain.

Stock Market Crash Kya Hota Hai?

Stock market crash ek situation hoti hai jab indices (Nifty 50, Sensex) ek din ya kuch dino mein 10% ya usse zyada gir jaate hain. Ye girawat kisi economic crisis, political instability, financial scams ya global market trends ki wajah se ho sakti hai.

India ke Sabse Bade Stock Market Crashes

1. Harshad Mehta Scam (1992) - Market Crash

  • Kya Hua Tha?
    1992 mein Harshad Mehta ne ek bada stock market scam kiya jisme banking system ka galat istemal karke unhone market ko artificially pump kiya. Jab ye scam samne aaya, to Sensex sirf ek mahine mein 50% gir gaya.

  • Iska Impact:

    • Thousands investors ka paisa doob gaya.
    • Market recovery hone mein ek saal se zyada ka samay laga.
    • SEBI ne naye rules banaye taaki aise scams na ho sakein.

2. Ketan Parekh Scam (2001) - Dot Com Bubble Burst

  • Kya Hua Tha?

    • Ketan Parekh ne technology stocks ka manipulation kiya aur jab unka scam expose hua, to Sensex ek din mein 176 points gir gaya.
    • Saath hi, global level par dot-com bubble burst ho raha tha jisme tech companies ke shares collapse ho gaye.

  • Iska Impact:

    • BSE aur NSE dono heavily correct hue.
    • Technology stocks ka bhari nuksan hua.

3. 2008 Global Financial Crisis - Lehman Brothers Collapse

  • Kya Hua Tha?

    • 2008 mein US ki badi bank Lehman Brothers bankrupt ho gayi jo duniya ki financial crisis ka bada reason bani.
    • Indian market bhi heavily impact hua, Sensex 60% gir gaya aur investors ke crores rupees doob gaye.

  • Iska Impact:

    • Indian stock market ko recover hone mein 2 saal se zyada ka samay laga.
    • Investors ne defensive stocks (FMCG, Pharma) ki taraf shift karna start kiya.

4. Covid-19 Stock Market Crash (2020)

  • Kya Hua Tha?

    • March 2020 mein Covid-19 pandemic ke wajah se Sensex ek mahine mein 40% gir gaya.
    • Foreign Institutional Investors (FII) ne massive selling kari.

  • Iska Impact:

    • Small investors ne panic selling kari aur bahut nuksan uthaya.
    • Market ne 6 mahine mein recovery karna start kiya, lekin investors ke liye ye ek badi warning thi ki emergency fund aur long-term vision kitna important hota hai.

Stock Market Crash Se Bachne Ke Tarike

Agar aap ek investor hain to kuch important strategies follow karke stock market crash se bach sakte hain:

  1. Diversification - Kabhi bhi saara paisa ek hi sector ya ek hi stock mein mat lagayein.
  2. Emergency Fund - Hammesha ek backup fund rakhein jo market crash ke time kaam aaye.
  3. Long-Term Vision - Stock market crash ke baad aksar recovery hoti hai, panic selling se bachein.
  4. Fundamental Analysis - Sirf strong stocks ko choose karein jo financial crisis ko survive kar sakein.

Conclusion

India ki stock market history dikhati hai ki har bada crash ek naye seekh lekar aata hai. Market crash se bachne ka best tareeka hai diversification, patience aur smart investment decisions. Agar aap long-term investor hain, to ye crashes sirf ek temporary phase hain jo market ko aur strong banate hain.

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